句型
1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：i’m a student. she is a doctor. he works in a
hospital.
there are four fans in our classroom. he will eat lunch at 12:00. i watched tv yesterday
evening.
2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：i’m not a student. she is not (isn’t) a doctor.
he does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. there are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
he will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. i did not (didn’t) watch tv yesterday evening.
☆注意☆ 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写
成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，
did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ）。这三个助动词要根据
人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什
么人称和数，都用“did” 。
3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。
如：are you a student? yes, i am / no, i’m not.
is she a doctor? yes, she is. / no, she isn’t.
does he work in a hospital? yes, he does. / no, he doesn’t.
are there four fans in our classroom? yes, there are. / no, there aren’t.
are you going to buy a comic book tonight? yes, i am. / no, i am not. (yes, we are. / no, we aren’t.)
will he eat lunch at 12:00? yes, i will. / no, i will not(won’t).
are they swimming? yes, they are. / no, they aren’t.
did you watch tv yesterday evening? yes, i did. / no, i didn’t.
☆注意☆ 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，
①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问
号即可。
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于
一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单
词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。
4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类
句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：
what is this? it’s a computer.共2页，当前第1页12
what does he do? he’s a doctor.
where are you going? i’m going to beijing.
who played football with you yesterday afternoon? mike.
which season do you like best? summer.
when do you usually get up? i usually get up at 6:30.
whose skirt is this? it’s amy’s.
why do you like spring best? because i can plant trees.
how are you? i’m fine. / i’m happy.
how did you go to xinjiang? i went to xinjiang by train.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少(数量)）, how much（多少(
钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）
例句：how many pencils do you have? i have three pencils.
how many girls can you see? i can see four girls.
how many desks are there in your classroom? there are 51.
☆小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，
how many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少……？
how many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少……？
how many + 名词复数 + are there…? 有多少……？