Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? 第四课时教案
一.疑难解析i.如何表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在,有可能还要持续下去的动作”。如:到现在为止她滑冰已经有四个小时了。又如:我从十岁起就一直在集邮。我们采用如下的方法来表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在,还要持续下去的动作”:
主语 + have / has been + 现在分词,如:
1.she has been skating for four hours.到现在为止她滑冰已经有四个小时了。
2.i have been collecting stamps since i was ten years old.我从十岁起就一直在集邮。
在这两个句子中,have和has是助动词,因此把助动词提前,就构成了一般疑问句,在have或has后面加not,就构成了否定形式,have not和has not可以分别缩写成haven’t和hasn’t。如:
1. have you been doing your homework since this morning?
从今天早晨起你就一直在写作业吧?
(表明写作业这个动作从今天早晨就开始了,一直持续到现在,还要持续下去。)
2.i haven’t been seeing films for a long time. 我有很长时间没有看电影了。
(表明没有看电影这个动作从过去一直持续到现在,还要继续持续下去。)
ii.区分“主语 + have / has been + 现在分词”和“主语 + 动词过去式”这两个句式的不同点及熟练掌握这两个句式的用法。
1.“主语 + have / has been + 现在分词”表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在,并且还要继续持续下去。如:
he is a pianist. he has been playing the piano for about twenty years.
他是一个钢琴家。他弹钢琴大约有二十年了。
弹钢琴这个动作从二十年前就开始了,一直持续到现在,由于他是个钢琴家,那么弹钢琴这个动作还要继续持续下去。这里强调持续,而不是二十年间他一刻不停地在弹琴。又如:
i have been collecting snow globes for seven years.
我收集里面有雪花的玻璃装饰品有七年了。
我有这个爱好,七年间我一直在收集这样的装饰品,但是不等于七年间我别的什么也没干。
2.“主语 + 动词的过去式”表式过去某个时间已经发生了动作,有比较明确的表示过去的时间状语。如:
i did my homework last night. 我昨天晚上做的作业。
表明“做作业”这个动作发生在昨天晚上,动作没有持续性。
二.写作指导
大家在学完这个单元以后要完成两个写作任务,即写一个招聘广告和一封应聘信。招聘广告可以模仿49页上的第3题来写,应聘信可参考第48页上的3a来写。
下面请看示例: 共2页,当前第1页12
Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? 第四课时教案
学校歌咏队要参加一个歌咏比赛,故而要招聘新成员,请你帮歌咏队写一个招聘广告。
singer wanted
our school singing team will take part in a singing competition. so we need more singers. to get the job, please answer these four questions:
1. how long have you been singing?
2. how long have you been studying english?
3. what musical instrument can you play?
4. how long have you been playing the musical instrument?
应聘信
dear mike,
i’m from class two, grade two. i’m an outgoing boy. i am interested in singing songs. i have been singing songs since i was five years old. i have been studying english for six years, so i can sing many english songs. i am studying english songs now. every saturday i go to singing club to study singing and english songs.
yours sincerely
john共2页,当前第2页12