Unit 6 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

Unit 6 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

unit 6 the adventures of tom sawyer(一)宾语从句的连词：(1) 当宾语从句原为陈述句时，用that引导，但是that可以被省略。tom isn't a good student. the teacher told us…→the teacher told us tom wasn't a silly boy.老师告诉我们汤姆不是一个傻孩子。he has given up smoking. she said…→she said he had given up smoking.她说他已经戒烟了。(2) 当宾语从句原为一般疑问句时，用whether或if连接，原疑问句要变化。is jim a doctor? i wonder…→i wonder whether jim is a doctor.我想知道吉姆是否是个医生。(助动词is,移到主语jim后)does she dance well? can you tell me…→can you tell me if she dances well?你能告诉我她舞跳的是否好吗？(外加助动词does删除，动词dance加s)(3) 当宾语从句原为特殊疑问句时，原疑问句要变化。where were you going? she asked me…→she asked me where you were going.她问我你去哪里。(助动词were,移到主语you后)what did he want to do? she wondered…→she wondered what he wanted to do.她不知道他想干什么。(外加助动词did删除，动词want加ed)(二)宾语从句的时态：宾语从句的时态原则上应与主句的时态保持一致。(1) 如果主句是现在时态，宾语从句时态不受限制。i don't know who they are talking about.我不知道他们正在谈论谁。i have heard the window was broken by john.我已经听说窗户是被约翰打破的。(2) 如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时)，宾语从句必须改用过去的某一时态(将助动词改成过去时)he said he would kill her.他说他会杀了她。(will--would)she told us lucy had returned home.她告诉我们露茜已经回家去了。(has--had)mary was wondering who could answer the question.(can--could)玛丽想知道谁能回答这一问题。(一般过去时)i didn't told them where you were having the meeting.我没有告诉他们你们正在哪儿开会。(过去进行时)如果宾语从句表示的是科学其理、客观事实或格言警句等，从句一律用一般现在时。granny told me that the earth moves around the sun.奶奶告诉我地球围绕太阳转。she said a friend in need is a friend indeed.她说患难朋友才是真正的朋友。